Formats

This paper presents results of an analysis of different implementations of the JPEG2000 standard, specifically part 1: JP2, an image format that is currently popular within the digital preservation community. In particular we are interested in the effect different JPEG2000 codecs (encoders and decoders) have on image quality in response to lossy compression. We focus on three main codec libraries for analysis – Kakadu, JasPer and OpenJPEG – migrating 932 TIFF newspaper images to lossy JPEG2000 files using 2:1 and 4:1 compression ratios, and monitor image quality using PSNR.

This paper presents an approach for automatic estimation of preservation risk for file formats. The main contribution of this work is a definition of the risk factors with associated severity level and its automatic computation. Our goal is to apply a solid knowledge base automatically extracted from linked open data repositories as the basis of the risk analysis system for digital preservation. This method is meant to facilitate decision making with regard to preservation of digital content in libraries and archives.

This article gives an overview on how different components developed by the SCAPE project are intended to be used in composite file format migration workflows; it will explain how the SCAPE platform can be employed to make sure that the workflows can be used to migrate very large image collections and in which way the integration with a digital object repository is intended.

At the Library of Congress, Dr. Lei He is an imaging scientist who is currently researching the effects of compression on digital images. Dr. He also uses quantitative methods to analyze “edges” found in images. “Edges” are naturally occurring high contrast areas of photographs that can be used to determine what resolution is needed for digitization. Dr. He’s research is already improving the processes at the Library of Congress.

The future of digital publishing in the years to come is filled with uncertainty. The entire industry has failed to unilaterally embrace a standard format and we are currently seeing fragmentation. HTML5, EPUB3, and dedicated apps are currently the preferred platforms to include a myriad of multimedia aspects such as audio, video, and interactive content.

Digital Publishing is one of the fastest growing segments and most major publishers are now seeing 21% of their total revenues stem from it. Publishers cannot decide on what the future of publishing will entail. There are three main aspects that the vast majority of companies employing for their strategy. We are seeing strong growth with dedicated e-reading apps, HTML5, and ePub3/ePub2 as the main factors for content delivery. In the next three weeks, we will be talking to some of the leading digital publishers that are currently living in this space.

I wish I had a quick and easy answer when colleagues ask what file format they should use to create and archive digital moving images. My response usually starts out with “well, it depends.” And indeed it does depend on a wide variety of factors. Factors like what they want to achieve with the file, what equipment and storage space is available, are they reformatting old videotapes or creating new born-digital material? The list of considerations that can impact the decision goes on.

This paper presents results of an analysis of different im- plementations of the JPEG2000 standard, specifically part 1: JP2, an image format that is currently popular within the digital preservation community. In particular we are in- terested in the effect different JPEG2000 codecs (encoders and decoders) have on image quality in response to lossy compression. We focus on three main codec libraries for analysis - Kakadu, JasPer and OpenJPEG - migrating 932 TIFF newspaper images to lossy JPEG2000 files using 2:1 and 4:1 compression ratios, and monitor image quality us- ing PSNR.

Scout is a preservation watch system being developed within the SCAPE project. It provides an ontological knowledge base to centralize all necessary information to detect preservation risks and opportunities. It uses plugins to allow easy integration of new sources of information, as file format registries, tools for characterization, migration and quality assurance, policies, human knowledge and others. The knowledge base can be easily browsed and triggers can be installed to automatically notify users of new risks and opportunities.

The preservation of artistic works with technological components, such as musical works, is recognised as an issue by both the artistic community and the archival community. Preserving such works involves tackling the difficulties associated with digital information in general, but also raises its own specific problems, such as constantly evolving digital instruments embodied within software and idiosyncratic human-computer interactions. Because of these issues, standards in place for archiving digital information are not always suitable for the preservation of these works.